DermaWand – Ozone Production Tests

Purpose
The purpose of the tests was to determine the rate of production and dissipation of ozone as produced from the DermaWand.

Procedure
The DermaWand was placed into a series of cubical containers along with an ozone meter as depicted in the following sketch:


Three different sized containers were used:
1. 12” x 12” x 12”
2. 6” x 6” x 6”
3. 3” x 3” x 3”

The DermaWand was grounded and placed at the bottom of the container, directly below the ozone sensor.

Results
The first series of tests were run in the 12” x 12” x 12” container. In this enclosure, after 1 hour there were no readings.

Next, the 6” x 6” x 6” container was used. The results in the container are depicted.

Below:
In the 3” x 3” x 3” container, the readings quickly (within 2 seconds) went to 0.28 ppm and remained there for 30 minutes.

The following diagram illustrates the decrease in ozone once the DermaWand was turned off:



Ozone Toxicity

Ozone is an irritant of the mucous membranes and the lungs. Effects of exposure can be wide ranging. Signs of exposure increase as follows:

Odour Threshold .01 ppm
Obvious Odour .05 ppm
@ 0.1 ppm 5% of people will experience eye irritation

The following scales represent the exposure time required to produce the listed toxic effects. The scale is the product of dose in ppm and time of exposure in minutes. The most severe application of DermaWand is 0.70 ppm-minutes and this would occur if the user were to inhale all of the ozone produced during a 5 minute treatment.

.65 to 3 ppm-minutes
Throat irritation
Throat dryness
Watering eyes

3 to 36 ppm<-minutes
Changes in visual acuity
Increase in peripheral vision
Coughing
Choking
Substernal pain
Dyspnea

36 to 72 ppm-minutes
Head ache
Dizziness
Burning eyes
Pulmonary edema
Broncho pneumonia

72 to 96 ppm-minutes
Impaired lung function
Ionizing radiation mimicking
Chromosomal damage

6,000 ppm-minutes
Potentially lethal

12,000 pm-minutes
LC50 in rats

Legislated limits

United Stats National Ambient Air Quality Standard – hourly average of 0.12 ppm (7.2 ppm-min)¹

Maximum standard for ozone in the workplace (TLV) .05 ppm for 8 hours (24 ppm-minutes) ¹

1 Kehrer, in handbook of TOXICITY OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS (Marcel Dekker, Inc.)

TLC-TWA             0.1 ppm²
ACGIH, NIOSH, MSHA 0.2 ppm²
2 Pradyot Patnaik A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE TO THE HAZARDOUS PROPERTIES OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES, Van Nostrand Reinhold.

Conclusion:
If the DermaWand is operated in an open environment there is no chance that ozone can build up to levels which would be harmful. Further, the quantity of ozone generated by the DermaWand during a most severe application is lower than the lowest levels at which any sign of physical effect can be seen. This compares well with the effects of our application studies where no negative effects associated with the wand were observed.